Dry mouth can affect anyone and is commonly caused by factors such as dehydration, certain medications, underlying medical conditions like diabetes, and nutrient deficiencies like vitamin A or B-complex.
During pregnancy, dry mouth is also a frequent issue, often triggered by hormonal changes. Dr Apurva Gupta, Consultant – Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Daffodils by Artemis, Delhi, explains that fluctuations in oestrogen and progesterone can significantly reduce saliva production, leading to dryness in the mouth. In an interaction with the OnlyMyHealth team, she delves into the relationship between these hormonal shifts and dry mouth in pregnant women while also discussing other contributing factors.
Common Causes Of Dry Mouth During Pregnancy
One of the primary reasons for dry mouth during pregnancy is hormonal changes, says Dr Gupta, explaining that
hormonal changes during pregnancy can alter the function of salivary glands, resulting in reduced saliva output and
a sensation of dryness.
She says, “Oestrogen plays an active role in maintaining the moisture levels of mucous membranes, and when its levels
fluctuate, it can result in decreased lubrication in the mouth.”
She further adds that progesterone can cause the body to retain more fluid, but paradoxically, it can also reduce the
effectiveness of the salivary glands, suggesting that this imbalance in hormone levels disrupts normal saliva
production, contributing to the uncomfortable feeling of dry mouth.
It is important to note that, apart from hormonal fluctuations, there are other factors that can contribute to dry
mouth during pregnancy. These include:
- Dehydration, as pregnant women often need more fluids
- Increased blood volume
- The use of prenatal vitamins and other medications
- Stress and anxiety
Pregnancy-Related Conditions That Can lead To Dry Mouth
Dr Gupta notes that certain pregnancy-related conditions can also lead to dry mouth. These include:
- Gestational diabetes is characterised by elevated blood glucose levels.
- Hyperemesis gravidarum is characterised by severe nausea and vomiting.
- Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication involving high blood pressure and potential organ damage.
“These conditions can exacerbate the feeling of dry mouth and require careful management to ensure the health of both
the mother and the baby,” says the doctor.
